# Finishes

Finishes are small units in large numbers — tiles by the piece, wallpaper by the roll, filler by the bag, studs by the length — so one wrong factor means hundreds of units of drift. Waste varies enormously: 5-8% for tiling with pattern matching at corners, 10-12% for diagonal layouts, 15% or more for patterned wallpaper, and effectively none for paint once coverage is known. Every tool exposes the waste factor, with a sensible default you can raise.

Ceilings and partitions work the other way: lay out the framing first (main runners, cross tees, hangers), then the boards, then the accessories. Drywall partitions need single or double stud rows plus reinforcement at openings and corners. Stepped ceilings must be measured on the developed area, never the plan projection — that single mistake is the most common loss in a finishes package.

- Category page: https://jianzhujisuan.com/en/c/finishes
- Data checked: 2026-10-25

## Tools in this group

- [Paint Coverage Calculator](https://jianzhujisuan.com/en/paint-coverage): Enter room size, ceiling height, openings and number of coats to get total area, litres needed and how many cans to buy.
- [Tile Calculator](https://jianzhujisuan.com/en/tile-count): Enter the area to cover, pick a tile size and waste factor to get tiles and boxes required.
- [Flooring Quantity Calculator](https://jianzhujisuan.com/en/flooring): Planks and packs from room size and board format, with waste by laying pattern.
- [Wallpaper Roll Calculator](https://jianzhujisuan.com/en/wallpaper): Drops and rolls from perimeter, height and pattern repeat.
- [Ceiling Grid Calculator](https://jianzhujisuan.com/en/ceiling-grid): Main and cross runner lengths, hangers and fittings from ceiling size.
- [Plasterboard Quantity Calculator](https://jianzhujisuan.com/en/gypsum-board): Sheets, screws and joint tape from area, sheet size and layers.
- [Skirting Board Calculator](https://jianzhujisuan.com/en/skirting): Metres and lengths from perimeter and doorways, with waste.
- [Door and Window Casing Calculator](https://jianzhujisuan.com/en/door-window-frame): Casing metres, pieces and board area from opening size and quantity.
- [Sealant Quantity Calculator](https://jianzhujisuan.com/en/sealant-quantity): Length × width × depth straight to cartridges.
- [Tile Adhesive Calculator](https://jianzhujisuan.com/en/tile-adhesive): Notch depth drives the quantity: about 1.6 kg/m² per mm.
- [Putty Quantity Calculator](https://jianzhujisuan.com/en/putty-quantity): Area × coats × consumption to bags.
- [Tile Grout Calculator](https://jianzhujisuan.com/en/tile-grout): Joint length from tile size, then cartridges.
- [Stone Dry-Hanging Calculator](https://jianzhujisuan.com/en/stone-dry-hang): Mullions, rails, brackets and panels in one pass.
- [Steel Stud Partition Calculator](https://jianzhujisuan.com/en/partition-stud): Studs, boards, screws and infill in one go.
- [Curtain Wall Panel Calculator](https://jianzhujisuan.com/en/curtain-wall): Panels, mullions, transoms, glass area and aluminium.
- [Railing Post and Gap Calculator](https://jianzhujisuan.com/en/railing-post): Post count plus clear-gap compliance check.
- [Suspended Ceiling Developed Area Calculator](https://jianzhujisuan.com/en/ceiling-3d-area): Plan area plus step reveals, priced by developed area.
- [Floor Screed Material Calculator](https://jianzhujisuan.com/en/floor-screed): Volume to cement, sand and water by mix ratio.
- [Wall Tile Count Calculator](https://jianzhujisuan.com/en/wall-tile-count): Net area after openings to pieces and boxes.
- [Steelwork Paint Calculator](https://jianzhujisuan.com/en/steel-paint): Tonnage to surface area to paint quantity for protective coating.
- [Door and Window Schedule Calculator](https://jianzhujisuan.com/en/door-window-schedule): Opening area, glass area, profile length and weight.

## Questions

### How many tiles per square metre?

One divided by the tile area, times one plus waste. An 800 × 800 tile covers 1.56 per m², 600 × 600 gives 2.78, 300 × 600 gives 5.56. Waste is 3-5% for a straight lay, 8-12% for diagonal, 10-15% for small-format patterns, and at the top of the range in rooms with many cuts.

### How much filler per square metre?

About 1.0-1.5 kg/m² for one coat, 2.0-2.5 for two, 3.0-3.5 for three. Bare blockwork needs a levelling plaster first, which is separate at roughly 8-12 kg/m² depending on thickness. Convert to bags at 20 kg, not the old 25 kg packaging.

### How is ceiling framing calculated?

Measure the net area, then lay out main runners at 1000-1200 mm centres (about 1 m per m²), cross tees at 400 mm (about 2.5 m per m²) and hangers on a 1000 × 1000 grid (about one per m²). Add 5% waste plus the perimeter trim. Stepped features are measured separately on the developed area.