10 costing calculators: cost per square metre, concrete and rebar cost, labour, formwork and scaffold cost, VAT, unit rate build-up, progress payments and variations.
Costing turns a quantity into money: multiply by rate, add preliminaries, apply overheads and tax. A unit rate is labour plus material plus plant plus management plus profit plus risk allowance, and each component has its own basis — apply the wrong basis and the whole rate drifts by more than 10%.
The other tools are about cash flow. VAT at the general rate or the simplified rate behaves very differently once input credit is considered; progress payments are made at the contract percentage but held back for retention (typically 3%) and recovered for mobilisation advance; variations are priced against an existing similar rate before a new rate is built up. These are the items that turn into disputes at final account, so price them before you negotiate.
FAQ
How do I estimate cost per square metre?
Total cost divided by gross floor area. Indicative ranges for the structure and finishes package run about 1200-1800 per m² for low-rise masonry, 1800-2600 for mid-rise frame-shear wall and 2200-3200 for high-rise shear wall. Location, specification and the number of basement levels matter more than the structural form, so correct against recent local settlements.
What goes into a unit rate?
Labour, material including delivery and storage, plant and tools, overheads, profit and a defined risk allowance. Statutory fees and tax sit outside the unit rate. Under a bill-of-quantities approach the unit rate is one component of the all-in rate — do not double-count tax inside it.
How is construction VAT calculated?
Under the general method, output tax is 9% of the net-of-tax income and input tax is recoverable. Under the simplified method, tax is 3% of the tax-inclusive income divided by 1.03, with no credit. Simplified treatment is available for labour-only and owner-supplied-material work; which is cheaper depends on how much input tax you can actually recover.
Results are estimating aids only and are not a design basis. Construction and final accounts must follow the drawings, the applicable standards and an approved method statement. Anything affecting structural safety, shoring or falsework must be checked by a suitably qualified engineer.